backend-php/models/StatusModel.php

<?php

namespace Models;

class StatusModel
{
    private \PDO $pdo;

    public function __construct()
    {
        if (isset($GLOBALS['pdo']) && $GLOBALS['pdo'] instanceof \PDO) {
            $this->pdo = $GLOBALS['pdo'];
            return;
        }

        throw new \RuntimeException('Global PDO connection not initialized');
    }

    public function getIdByStatus(string $status): ?int
    {
        $stmt = $this->pdo->prepare('SELECT status_id FROM "status" WHERE LOWER(status_status) = LOWER(:status) LIMIT 1');
        $stmt->execute(['status' => $status]);
        $id = $stmt->fetchColumn();

        return $id === false ? null : (int)$id;
    }
}